On November 7, the National Energy Administration held a press conference in Beijing to officially release the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Electric Power Development" (hereinafter referred to as "Planning").

The target for electric energy substitution in the plan is 450 billion kWh, and the plan also clarifies the construction schedule of the spot market. It is required that the pilot service market for auxiliary services in the Northeast region be launched in 2016 and be fully promoted when mature. Before the end of 2018, the spot trading pilot will be launched; in 2020, the spot trading market will be fully launched.

Jiang Kejun, a researcher at the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, told the "Daily Economic News" reporter that China has entered a stage of power surplus, which has given very good conditions for the development of power trading. In particular, the power surplus in the northeast region is very strong, they have better conditions to promote, and relatively faster progress can be made. If the spot trading market can be fully launched within four years, this has important significance for the process of electricity marketization.

Increasing the proportion of electric energy in terminal energy consumption

The plan draws out the "13th Five-Year Plan" blueprint for power development from eight aspects: supply capacity, power supply structure, power grid development, comprehensive regulation capacity, energy saving and emission reduction, civil power consumption guarantee, technological equipment development, and power system reform.

In terms of power supply for people's livelihood, the plan requires that during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, air pollution prevention and control will be used, with the replacement of loose coal and fuel oil as the starting point, and the proportion of electric energy in the final energy consumption will be continuously increased, the construction of charging facilities will be accelerated, and the concentration will be promoted Heat supply, gradually replace small coal-fired boilers, actively develop distributed power generation, and encourage the efficient use of nearby energy.

"At present, I think that the consumption of large amounts of bulk coal and crude oil is one of the main factors causing this smog." Huang Xuenong, director of the Electricity Department of the National Energy Administration, said at a press conference that a large amount of bulk coal was not cleaned. Dealing with direct combustion causes a large amount of air pollutants to be discharged, which is the main background for considering the replacement of electric energy. At present, auxiliary power devices such as automobiles and airports are also the main source of air pollution emissions in the use of fuel by ships calling at ports.

According to Huang Xuenong, according to statistics, the annual consumption of loose coal in China is about 700 million to 800 million tons, accounting for 20% of China’s total coal consumption. This amount is quite large, mainly for small heating boilers, industrial small boilers, Compared with the United States and the European Union, the level of 20% coal burning in some areas of production and living in rural areas is quite high.

Compared with energy such as coal and fuel oil, electric energy has the advantages of clean, safe and convenient. In this regard, the goal of replacing electricity in the plan is 450 billion kWh.

Huang Xuenong pointed out that according to this goal, electric energy accounts for 27% of the final energy consumption at the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan period, and the significance of electric energy substitution is very significant.

In the specific layout of electric energy substitution, the plan also prioritizes the layout of clean energy. Han Shui, chief engineer of the National Energy Administration, said at a press conference that priority is given to the layout of clean energy in the process of power structure optimization. When power balance is first balanced with hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic and nuclear power, and then see whether these power supplies can meet the power Demand, the balance part will be supplemented by gas power and coal power.

Regarding coal power, Huang Xuenong said that through the energy-saving and environmental protection transformation in recent years, the emission level of coal power has been greatly reduced. Whether it is the use of renewable energy for power generation or coal-fired power generation, the replacement of scattered coal will be Make important contributions to reducing air pollutant emissions.

Clarify the construction schedule of the spot market

Regarding the promotion of electric energy substitution, in fact, in May 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission and other eight departments jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting Electricity Substitution", which for the first time promoted electric energy substitution as an important measure for the country to implement energy strategies and control air pollution.

In practice, there is a cost problem with electrical energy substitution. Jiang Kejun said that if electricity is directly used to replace coal, then the efficiency is relatively low, and the use of heat pumps is the future development direction, but if heat pumps are used, the system is relatively expensive and the electricity price is high.

However, Han Xiaoping, chief information officer of China Energy Network, pointed out to reporters that the key to electric energy substitution is to choose the appropriate technology. If the heat pump adopts distributed heating, the economy is feasible. "Because of competition in the private market, heat pump technology has developed rapidly. You can buy a good heat pump from 4,000 yuan to 5,000 yuan," he said.

At present, some places have introduced subsidy policies. For example, Jiangxi Province grants 40% of the operating cost incentives for new electricity costs for electricity replacement projects, and construction cost incentives that do not exceed 30% of the investment.

In the reform of the power system, the plan proposes to establish a relatively independent and regulated power trading institution, establish fair and orderly power market rules, and initially form a fully functional power market. Deepen the promotion of simplified administration and decentralization. Approve the transmission and distribution price. Before the end of 2017, complete the approval of the total revenue and transmission and distribution prices of power grid enterprises approved by voltage levels, and gradually reduce cross-subsidies for electricity prices.

It is worth noting that the plan clarifies the construction timetable of the spot market. It is required that the pilot service market for auxiliary services in the Northeast region be launched in 2016 and be fully promoted when mature. Before the end of 2018, the spot trading pilot will be launched; in 2020, the spot trading market will be fully launched to study the risk hedging mechanism.

Earlier, on July 19, the National Energy Administration issued a notice requesting the construction of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei power market, and proposed the establishment of a Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei power trading institution under a joint-stock system, with the ability to simultaneously carry out medium- and long-term and spot trading.

Han Xiaoping pointed out that electricity generated and consumed cannot be fully traded through the market. Some stable power demand still needs to be achieved through long-term agreements. The relatively benign market conditions should be that some electricity is under long-term agreements, and some electricity is used for spot transactions.